An easement by prescription.

Acquiring the easement requires a showing, by clear and convincing evidence, that the use was hostile, open and notorious, and continuous and uninterrupted for the prescriptive period of ten years. Where an easement has been open, notorious, continuous, and undisputed, it is presumed that the use was hostile, and the burden shifts to the other side to show that the use was permissive.

Ciringione v. Ryan, NY Slip Op 03960 (2d Dep't June 6, 2018)

Here is the decision.

A school's and the school bus operator's duty and liability.

Schools have a duty to adequately supervise their students, and they will be liable for foreseeable injuries proximately related to the lack of adequate supervision.  However, schools are not insurers of their students' safety.  A school bus operator owes the same duty to the students entrusted to its care and custody.  To establish a breach of the duty of adequate supervision where the alleged injury was caused by another student, a plaintiff must show that school authorities had sufficiently specific knowledge or notice of the alleged dangerous conduct.

Champagne v. Lonero Tr., Inc., NY Slip Op 03959 (2d Dep't June 6, 2018)

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The doctrine of judicial estoppel.

Under the doctrine, sometimes called estoppel against inconsistent positions, a party may not take a position that is contrary to a position that, because its interests have changed, the party took in a prior proceeding. The doctrine applies only where, in the prior proceeding, the party secured a favorable judgment.

Binh v. Connelly, NY Slip Op 03956 (2d Dep't June 6, 2018)

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Unclean hands and fraudulent conveyance.

While the doctrine of in pari delicto may be raised for the first time on appeal, it is not a defense to a fraudulent conveyance suit.

Matter of Wimbledon Fin. Master Fund, Ltd. v. Wimbledon Fund, SPC, NY Slip Op 04075 (1st Dep't June 7, 2018)

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Motions for leave to renew.

Pursuant to CPLR 2221[e][2], the motion must be based on new or additional facts, not offered on the original motion, that would change the prior determination. Renewal requires a showing that the facts were not known to the movant, or, in the court's discretion, that they were not offered for a justifiable reason.. The court lacks discretion to grant renewal where the moving party omits a reasonable justification for failing to present the facts on the original motion.

Armstrong v. Armstrong, NY Slip Op 03953 (2d Dep't June 6, 2018)

Here is the decision.

Labor Law § 200.

The statute codifies an owner's or a general contractor's common-law duty to provide construction workers with a safe work-site. Whether under § 200 or the common law, claims arise either from an alleged defect or dangerous condition, or from the way the work was performed. Where the alleged defect is not inherent, but is created by the way the work is performed, the claim is one for means and methods, and not one for a dangerous condition.

Villanueva v. 114 Fifth Ave. Assoc. LLC, NY Slip Op 03928 (1st Dep't June 5, 2018)

Here is the decision.

Dram shop statutes.

Pursuant to General Obligations Law § 11-101, a party who unlawfully sells alcohol to another person is liable for injuries caused by reason of that person's intoxication. Pursuant to Alcoholic Beverage Control Law § 65(1), it is unlawful to furnish an alcoholic beverage to any "person, actually or apparently, under the age of twenty-one years." While § 11-100 does not explicitly require knowledge or a reasonable belief of the purchaser's being underage, it is a requirement for liability to attach.

Ferber v. Olde Erie Brew Pub & Grill, LLC, NY Slip Op 03827 (2d Dep't May 30, 2018)

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Judiciary Law § 475.

 On a motion pursuant to § 475, the attorney seeks a lien on the client's cause of action. The lien does not provide for an immediately enforceable judgment against all the client's assets, but, instead, is a security interest against a judgment or settlement in the client's favor.  In order to obtain a money judgment, the attorney must commence a plenary action.

Bernard v. De Rham, NY Slip Op 03891 (1st Dep't May 31, 2018)

Here is the decision.

74 years.

The sufficiency of a Notice of Claim.

The test of the sufficiency of the notice is merely whether it includes information sufficient to enable the city to investigate.  In making this determination, the Court may look at, among other things, the evidence adduced at the section 50-h hearing.

Here, according to the notice and evidence adduced at the 50-h hearing, plaintiff states that while she was on an escalator inside the train station, she slipped and fell on a slippery condition. Plaintiff alleges that the escalator was within the control of the agency and that it failed to maintain the escalator. Accordingly, the agency was on notice of plaintiff's theory of liability, namely, that it has a duty to use reasonable care to maintain the escalator in a safe condition.

Ingrao v. New York City Tr. Auth., NY Slip Op 03889 (1st Dep't May 31, 2018)

Here is the decision.

Dissolution of an LLC.

 An application for dissolution of an LLC must be made by or for a member of the LLC, pursuant to Limited Liability Company Law § 702.

62 Park Place Realty, LLC v. Levin, NY Slip Op 03823 (2d Dep't May 30, 2018)

Here is the decision.