The elements of a claim for malicious prosecution are (1) the commencement or continuation of a criminal proceeding by the defendant against the plaintiff; (2) the termination of the proceeding in favor of the plaintiff; (3) the absence of probable cause for the criminal proceeding; and (4) actual malice. Although probable cause and malice are independent elements, the finder of fact may infer malice from a lack of probable cause.
Vizcaino v. City of New York, NY Slip Op 00293 (1st Dep't January 18, 2022)
