Leave to amend a pleading.

Practice point:  Pursuant to CPLR 3025(b), leave to amend a pleading will be granted when there is no significant prejudice or surprise to the opposing party, and where the evidence submitted in support of the motion for leave demonstrates that the proposed amendment may have merit.

Student note:  The movant must submit the proposed amendment, and, in order to deny the motion, the amendment's insufficiency must be clear and free from doubt.

Case:  Assevero v. Hamilton & Church Props., LLC, NY Slip Op 07103 (2d Dep't October 11, 2017)

Here is the decision.

General jurisdiction.

Practice point:  New York courts may not exercise general jurisdiction against a defendant, either under the United States Constitution or CPLR 301, unless the defendant is domiciled in New York, or in the exceptional case where the individual's New York contacts  are so extensive as to support general jurisdiction, notwithstanding domicile elsewhere.  The purchase of an apartment in New York does not establish that the individual is domiciled in New York.  New York business activities undertaken on behalf of a corporate entity are not a basis for general jurisdiction.

Case:  IMAX Corp. v. Essel Group, NY Slip Op 07091 (1st Dep't October 10, 2017)

Here is the decision.

A motion to dismiss the complaint as time-barred.

Practice point:  On a motion to dismiss a cause of action pursuant to CPLR 3211(a)(5), on the ground that it is barred by the statute of limitations, a defendant bears the initial burden of establishing, prima facie, that the time in which to sue has expired. The burden then shifts to the plaintiff to raise a question of fact as to whether the statute was tolled or otherwise inapplicable, or whether the action was commenced within the limitations period.

Student note:  In considering the motion, the court must take the allegations in the complaint as true, and resolve any inferences in favor of the plaintiff.

Case:  Cataldo v. Herrmann, NY Slip Op 06920 (2d Dep't October 4, 2017)

Here is the decision.

A dismissed claim of negligence and wrongful death.

Practice point:  The Appellate Division reversed the motion court's denial of summary judgment, and dismissed the claim against defendant hospital. The decedent, plaintiff's husband and a hospital employee, became intoxicated at a holiday party organized by hospital workers. The party was not sanctioned by the hospital, and was not held on hospital property. The hospital employees attended the party on their own time.  The decedent's coworkers contacted the plaintiff, herself a hospital employee, and then helped the decedent into the plaintiff's car.  The plaintiff drove home and left the decedent in the car, parked in their driveway, to sleep off his condition. An hour later, the plaintiff checked on the decedent, and found him, unresponsive, on the floor of the back seat. The autopsy report lists the cause of the death as alcohol intoxication and positional asphyxia.

The Appellate Division determined that the hospital employees, in assisting the decedent and placing him in his wife's care, did not assume a duty, and nothing they did put the decedent in a worse or different position of danger. Any opinions rendered about medical attention being unnecessary were nonactionable gratuitous commentary. In addition, placing the decedent into the car was not the proximate cause of his death, but merely furnished the occasion for its happening.

Case: Gillern v. Mahoney, NY Slip Op 06979 (1st Dep't October 5, 2017)

Here is the decision.

Court holiday.

Settling an order.

Practice point:  Pursuant to 22 NYCRR 202.48[a], "[p]roposed orders or judgments, with proof of service on all parties where the order is directed to be settled or submitted on notice, must be submitted for signature, unless otherwise directed by the court, within 60 days after the signing and filing of the decision directing that the order be settled or submitted."

Student note:  Pursuant to 202.48[b], "[f]ailure to submit the order or judgment timely shall be deemed an abandonment of the motion or action, unless for good cause shown."

Case:  HSBC Bank USA, N.A. v. Yonkus, NY Slip Op 06921 (2d Dep't October 4, 2017)

Here is the decision.

A challenge to a co-op board's action.

Practice point:  A shareholder's challenge to a co-op board's action is made in the form of an article 78 proceeding.

Case:  Musey v. 425 E. 86 Apts. Corp., NY Slip Op 06880 (1st Dep't October 3, 2017)

Here is the decision.

A motion to file a late notice of claim.

Practice point:  In an action to recover damages for personal injuries resulting from a slip-and-fall, the Appellate Division reversed, and denied the plaintiff's motion, made pursuant to General Municipal Law § 50-e(5), for leave to serve a late notice of claim against nonparty New York City Housing Authority.  The Appellate Division found that the plaintiff failed to provide a reasonable excuse for his failure to timely serve the notice.  His saying that he first discovered the identity of the owner of the walkway at the § 50-h hearing is an unacceptable excuse, as it indicates a lack of due diligence in investigating the matter.  Even if the plaintiff had made an excusable error in identifying the public corporation upon which he was required to serve the notice, he did not proffer any explanation for the additional seven-month delay between the time that he discovered the error and the filing of his application for leave to serve a late notice.

Student note:  In determining whether a petitioner should be granted leave to serve a late notice of claim against a public housing authority, the court will consider, as key factors, whether the petitioner had a reasonable excuse for the delay in serving the notice; whether the public housing authority acquired actual knowledge of the essential facts of the claim within the statutory 90-day period or within a reasonable time thereafter; whether the petitioner made an excusable error concerning the identity of the public corporation against which the claim should be asserted; and whether the public housing authority will be substantially prejudiced by the delay in its defense on the merits, pursuant to General Municipal Law § 50-e[5] and Public Housing Law § 157[2].

Case:  Kelly v. City of New York, NY Slip Op 06640 (2d Dep't September 27, 2017)

Here is the decision.

A default judgment in a foreclosure action.

Practice point:  The Appellate Division affirmed the judgment of foreclosure and sale, finding that the defendant failed to show a reasonable excuse for his default and a potentially meritorious defense.  As the summons expressly warned that failure to respond could result in a default judgment and the loss of the defendant's home, it is not a reasonable excuse for him to assert that he had been "led to believe," by parties whom he did not name,  that he did not have to answer the complaint because he had submitted a loan modification application.

Student note:  Since the defendant failed to proffer a reasonable excuse for the default, the Appellate Division did not reach the issue of whether the defendant had demonstrated a potentially meritorious defense.

Case:  Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. v. Javier, NY Slip Op 06711 (1st Dep't September 26, 2017)

Here is the decision.

Preliminary injunctions.

Practice point:  To establish the right to a preliminary injunction, a plaintiff must prove by clear and convincing evidence (1) the likelihood of ultimate success on the merits; (2) irreparable injury absent the granting of the injunction; and (3) a balance of the equities in the plaintiff's favor, pursuant to CPLR 6301.

Student note:  The purpose of a preliminary injunction is to maintain the status quo, not to determine the ultimate rights of the parties.

Case:  19 Patchen, LLC v. Rodriguez, NY Slip Op 06636 (2d Dep't September 27, 2017)

Here is the decision.

Sua sponte dismissal.

Practice point:  The sua sponte dismissal of the complaint is not appealable as of right, pursuant to CPLR 5701[a][2].  However, pursuant to 5701[c], the Appellate Division may deem the notice of appeal to be a motion for leave to appeal, and grant the motion.

Case:  All Craft Fabricators, Inc. v. ATC Assoc., Inc., NY Slip Op 06595 (1st Dep't September 26, 2017)

Here is the decision.